Internal-combustion engine.



S LAKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGiNE APPLECAUON HLED MAR. 7, I914.

Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

8 SHEETS-SHEET l.

S. LAKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE,

'APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7. 1914.

. MW Q a 6 t flu uu 9 53 0 6 9f; Hm w 4 m m 1; 5 ii C h m S. LAKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION'ENGWE,

APPUCATION FILED MAR. 1. 1914. 1,169,969. Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

' s SHEETS-SHEET 3.

S. LAKE.

INTERNAL C0 MBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FlLED MAR.7,19I4.

Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

S. LAKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7, 1914.

Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5 S. LAKE. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPUCATION FILED MAR. 7, 19I4. 1,169,969.

Z 2m 7% ,W/ z 1 a a s. LAKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE APPLICATlON FILED MAR. I, 1914.

Patented Feb, 1, i916.

8 SHEETSSHEET 8.

v Smumxtm x i the Fi through entnc tnrou section drawn ucent to the e file has: f

shown 111 e Specificatio nren nted Germ the salin ty 1 me im'c 'T aZZ cur/ 20m 11 it known i f the United 111 bunecticnf,

nprm'ement's ines, of Whi wn On of the mve .nt and novel 6:

prime 0b g S30 bait of I n Chg frames f the removal 91 the necessiof the em'age d in 8 i m m P m rt a 1 rLn '15 ii i was i a fro frames 2 an on an Zak-s 91 ppfic:

efer 1301-; (1; together of c aid

to heme feat p nterna l 5-211 i0 i without res uy-cm Mama HIPS O" si m:

cwin nil 501's for strrlci lo comb 11sttheir transversely disposed wells arranged back to back and between these webs are anformed with arches which span the shaft bearings 7 thus allowing the removal oflthe bearing caps Without necessitating the removal of the frames.

The cylinder constructed of two sections, comprising a lower scction 8 ha ving a hollow vrectangular jacket 8 formediutcgral'thercwith and surrouiuling the upper end of the cylindrical wall thereof, and an upper section 9, forming tho hcad of tho cylinder, which is provided within water-jacketecl Wall that forms a continuation of thc cylindrical wall of the said lowcr sect-ion. The upper section or hcad 9 is provided front and rear with lugs 10 to i'PCtlYQSQC111- ing bolts 11 which pass down through tubular sleeves 21st in the "jacket 8 the sections being tightly drawn togctlur by nuts fitted on thQ jupper ends oi the bolts. The sides of the cylindrical section of thc hcad arc also formed with lugs 10 through which pass stud-bolts 11 which screw into thread ed sockets formed in the top of the jacket.

The space toruicd lwy tho lDCtiUlflUlfll. jacket 8' and the wall or the 'c fliudcr is di- .vided by horizontal partitions'lz into an upper annular scavenging-air rcscrvoir 13 an annular {HPPHSSHQQ 1-1 which conununicatcs with the reservoir through openings 23 formedin the upper partition 12, and'with the combustion chamber of the cylinder through air-inlet ports 15 'ioriucd in and around the wall of the cylinder; a water jackct or clannber 16', and a lmtioin chainber 17 which connnumcatcs with thc borc of the cylinder through leakage ports 1?. The Water chaiulicr 16 has i'orined in it an annular exhaust chamber 0' passagc 18 which communicates with the cylinder through main exhaust POHLS l8" toru'ici'l in and around the cylinder wall and which opciis through the wall of the jacket through an opening 19 from which ca and an exhaust pipe 20 formed in a hollow casting 20 secured to thcwall or" thcjacket S. The top of the casting has a flange which surrounds the exhaust pipe 20 a1](l,f()l'lll&3 a connection for a pipe 207 for conducting the exhaust gases away from the engine.v

The chamber 17 providcs a lcakag'e or rclief chamber and is dcsigncd to catch any gases that may escape around the piston past the xnain'cxhaust ports and thus prevent them from leaking; through the lower menace end ot the cylindcr. This is an advantage, especially i i-marine cngincs. licrausc it provents the exhaust gases from cscaping into the cnginc room. The said cxha'ust or rclic'l cliainbcr is provided with an outlct which is connected by a pipc 17. which may be connected to a suction tau not shown) for drawing oil the gas or which may be c5:- tendcd awaji from the cnginc and open into thc atmosphere. The wall oi the cylinder between the lcakago ports 17 is formed with groovcs (sec Fig, 17) which cstahlish C'ODI- inunication l ctwccu the said ports and pro? vidc passagrcs for tho g: escaping past the piston bctwcrn thc ports. l hc lcakagc or relief chamber has its bottom providcd with an annularswcll Z3 surriuu ding tlic cylinder wall, which well is (lOSlfQI'lUl to catch and hold any of thc lubricating oil that may be scraped from the cylindcr and thus prcvcnt it from running-out of the cliau'ibcr 17 through the outlct l? or licing drawn oil when a suction tan ciuploycd.

\Vithin'thc rcscrvoir 1 is arranged an annular wall 21 which is cast integral with the top oi the ackct 8 and the upper partitionl2 and provides an annular water jacket space surrounding thc cylinder .wall.

Coolingwater is led into and away from the water jackets l6 and 22 in the well known way and it is not thought necessary to show this feature in the drawings.

The openings 23 in the upper partition 12 are controlled by puppet valves 24 carried by cages 25 cxtei'iding through openings formed in on top of thc jacket 8, the cages being provided at their lower ends with rings which fit the openings 23 and form scats for the 'valvcs. Thccagcs at thcir uppcr cnds are formed with disks 25 which are secured air-tight to tho top of the acket. Tho stems of the valves cxtcnd upwardly through the cages. and are provided with light wcight springs Eli which serve to hold thc valves to their scats when the air inlet ports 15 are first uucovcred to thus prcvcnt thc productsot combustion from entering the scavenging-air reservoir. it being understood that the valves are also held to'thcir trally disposed plug '28.of tungsten or other cssivc pi'cssurc in the co1n-'v suitable material, which serves the'purpose of scattering the. fuel and deflecting; it into the hot air surrounding the plug when the fuel is in]cctcd into the combustion chan the top of the cylinder. The chamber in the cap '2? provides a cooling Water picket and her from the injcctor 29 extending through}.

"and carried by said red is a upon which is pivotaliy me i e outer forked end of c011weesgm =3 filming;

to the reservoir 5%,

paritien 40 inte a loner chem .cenral air 329% &0 which \(E a. 311110 the chamber its inner end, journaled in a bunk-piston Operating in an air-compmssion cylinder mounted herizontsfly on and tyax of the base 3, far supplying semen The inner end 0f cylinder 35 igiormed ith a eentral 0', n surreurzded YC- y a 36 throw thetrunk 3% of file piston enemies, formed upon the tap ofithe 0 must air-hex 3? 1131011 which is mounted 21 i1 r 38 extendmg tram the holiow 021912112 0 mounted on the Wall of the f cke sufrofinding an open' space 29" in the passagewhich mmmumeates' voir 13 through epenings 13 me wall of the jacket The air-box is mi opens to "the abmosphere threw 4:2 farmed mthe oater :e

box, and an upper chamber 2 'open communication with the 11 0d chamber 1 is divifed by transve lions 44 previding end air passage: .0 46 leading z'especti e1 "tea inner ends 01 the can 7 the upper eompartmefl. 1nd. :1

zontal 'partitien is iding fies for a five 01 which operatee fmme'i on the inner end 0 has its outer end connecteu to of a lever 48 earried b v join-nailed in bearings ei-fi" outer faces of the transvev rear frames and to thereby. and keyed eiween the sail to the lower end of an arm 51 extending an ecceniric 53 mountek formed 1.9011 in sweet upon the POWFEI 51 the. sieei'e being as ehaft.

axis 0,05 a. canupper end @011- le'vei M eh" conor operfuel 1111x213 nding appliinvention like that cepending :mzfiicwtype, and as 1 221% 1 t0 arrange nism so that the i 1 qerio l relathe crank, and, Q1 operation of the an the posiating' m0- :henism for to the com- 10 11000: Construction 1 on Qhe leeve 7 in one face of the 1s reversefi s will be t. 1111s. me 010% w nus cause mtate m the eame direceucenl x 55. By t us so is b ought up he reeee the 1 the DFUDEI' m1 sf [he th eccentrie Z of the in; are 1 to prm'ide of the recess. It may be stated that the air in therccess isprevented from rapidly escaping between the abutting faces of the eccentrics by the oil. used for lubricating the parts.

The operation of the engine is as follows: Assuming the engine to be running in the direction indicated by the arrow around the power shaft (Fig. 16) and. that the powerpiston is at the top of its return stroke, it will boob Served that the eccentric has been moved to rock the shaft 49 to adjust the valve 4:7 to uncover the port 15 in the outer end oi the compression cylinder and to throw the central chamber into connnuni cation with the port 46 at the inner end of the cylinder. Now when the power piston 27 makes its down or powerstrolte the wrist pin 32 will be caused to travel through a semi-elliptical path ,as indicated by" the broken lincsin Fig. 16 which moves the aircompressing piston outwardly in its cylinder and forces the air in the outer end of the latter through the passage 45, hood 38 and nassage 22" into the reservoir 13, at the same time drawing a fresh supply into the inner end of the cylinder through the valve +17 and port 46. it the beginning of the down stroke of the power p' ion the aircompressing piston, owing to movement of the wrist-pin. 'Wi to move very rapidly and i be gradually slackencd as Eili preaches the horizontal ce pression cylinder and will is its stroke when the said wrist pin the said center. 1 Now as the down of the power-piston continues the compressin'g piston will be drawn inwardly in the bylimlel' a d he reverse movement to that described with respect to the outward movement of the piston will take place, thatis, the movement will be accelerated. astlie power-piston nears the end of its power stroke so that, by the time the end of the inward stroke of the compressing piston is reached, the powerpiston villfhave uncovered the scavenging-air in ct ports 15 and the exhaust ports 18, thu permitting the scavenging air to rush into'thc power cvlinder the moment the pressure therein has been reduced below that of the air in the reservoir and drive out all of thejlmducts of combustion and leave the cylinder filled with clean air, the valve 4:7, in themeantime, having been ad usteQ by the eccentric 53 to uncover the ori: 46 thus permitting 7 additional quantities of air to be supplied to the reservoir and, to the combustion chamber as long as the exhaust ports remain open, and a fresh supply of air to be fur nished to the outer end of the compression cylinder through the valve 47. and the cart 45. The accelerating movement of the his known method,

place when most air is needed, that is, when the exhaust ports are open on each'down stroke of 'the power piston, and givesa follow up of the air during thescaveng mg period, which avoids the 'necess'ity' 'of umping the scavenging'nir up to suchhig h pressuresas is the'practiee now, which prac: tice consumes. considerable of the power of the engine' During the return stroke and on the next power-stroke of the power-pie ten, the air compressing piston will be given two compression strokes, thus supplying the reservoir with a charge of scavenging air on each cycle of the engine, which charge is used in scavenging the combustion chamber at the end of each power stroke thus avoiding the necessity of pumping the scavenglug-air against such excessive pressures as is common with other types of engines. It will be particularly noted that the moment the exhaust ports are uncovered by the piston the pressure in the combustion chamber will be reduced below that of the pressure in the scavenging-air reservoir and therefore the valves 24- Wil} be automatically 1111- seated and will allow the scavenging-air to rush into the combustion chamber, and, owing to the peculiar connection of the compressing piston the latter will continue its inward compression stroke while the ex-' haust ports are open on the returnstroke of the power piston so that a follow up supply of scavengmgeir 1S furnished from the compressor. v

While I have shown the air-compression cvhnder prov1ded with a D slide-valve I do not Wish to be limited to this form of alve as ordinary puppet valves may be nism to high pressure types of engines whercin the air is first compressed to such an extent that the fuel Wlll be ignited when injected into the cylinder, 1 do not limit myself to this particular? arrangement, as the fuel may be injected'into the cylinder at any point on the up stroke of the piston after the exhaust ports are closed, aridi mined by a spark-ping, a hot bulb (gr my We 1 owever, in high compres sion engines where the fuel is admittedvnear or-at the end ofthe compression stroke of the'piston, and into a very hot chamber,

the fuel will strike eiainst the plug, which 'e.-liead of the piston, and will be deflected into- 'the surrounding is much cooler than t hot air before ignited.

3 L is: 1. in a SifigiO ilctlili glne, mama-m mpressian cvlinc'i r e'perativviy mnnected b5 he pone piston so enging-uir catmg' Wlih szud 1n port, a. piston hug the 430211: ing sa'd xv Orin? csm'bustion Ciel havk cuntwnmg said 52512119 i on EU: cyhni'ier pmnular scavenging-ai reservoir 1 cammunicate wit air iniet pm'ts exhmzs in open com- With ihe In busti'on having 113115 ports in the 1 supplying reservoir surronndi .40 I and. for mumcatmg g1 sen. vulg'mg-zur said 0 mpressoz' w'wking in said por'zs the comm Jar; & 78 21y of scamngmgfizrcsi '2 an; L )J N to the connectmg transv rgel g 0:: i L rod the pow-11' piston.

- q 4 compres 121g 131011 wn'rl ingizz said comprising a power cylinder having sc awngpressinn viii-Ger hm'mg its cenneccmg ml mg-a r lnlet ports and exhaust ports in the Conner-("ted t0 the: connecting will 0 5h W311 119 piston 80 than; two pulsations 0:?

'ud'mQd int-n 5 thereof, a power piston Working in the 1- controlhng and ports, :1 jacket upon the cyhnfiim' pmvzdmg' an anwravengjng-air resem'oh' Whip ports, a jacket formed integral. with the cylinder providing an annular scavenging air reservoir which communicates with said inlet ports and an annular exhaust passage in open cmnniunication with said exhaust ports, a double-acting air compression cvlinder mounted on the engine transversel thereof, and an air compressing trunlepis ton working in the rolilpression cylinder having its connectingrod connected to the connecting rod of the power piston \vherehy two pulsations oiseavenginr; air are obtained for each exhaust period.

9. An internal coinhustion engine, co1nprising a power cylimler having scavenging-air inlet ports and (,Xlllllr-l, ports in the all thereof, a power piston noriiing in the cylinder" controlling said ports, a jacket formed integral with the. cylinder providing an annular seavcngingz air reservoir which communicates with the said inlet ports and an annular exhaust passage in open connnunieation with the said exhaust ports. valves controlling the communications between said reservoir and said inlet ports, an air compression cylinder mounted on the base of the engine transversely thereof, a trunlepiston working: in said cornpression cylinder having its connecting rod pivotally connected to the connecting rodv of the power piston, an air-box formed on said "compression cylinder, horizontal and transverse partitions formed in the air hex, said horizontal partition having ports which communicate with the ogposite ends of the compression cylinder and a central sort which opens to the atn'iosphere, a D-valve controlling said ports subs antially de scribed, and means for operating; said valve.

10. An internal combustion enginei prising a vertical power cylinder, hat-ring seavengingf air inlet ports and exhaust ports in. the wall thereof, a jacket tinined integral with the cylinder oviding a scavenging-air reservoir communicating;

'With said airinlet ports and an annular exhaust passage in open communication with said exhaust ports, a doul le-acting air compressor having its cylinder arranged transversely 'ot 'the engine and operatively connected with the connecting rod ofthe power piston, means connecting the compressor with 'said scavenging-air reservoir, a valve controlling thepassage of air from the compressor to said reservoiryand an eccentric carried by the power shaft of the engine for operating the valve,suhstzmtiall'5 tr-1 in internal combustion engine, com-,

prising a vertical power cylinder constructed oi a larvwseetion and nn upper section forinin' the head oi the evlinder said lower thereof, a jaricet formed on said lower section ha vine partitions providingan annular scavenging-air reservoir which communicates with said inlet ports and an annular exhaust passage in open communication with the said "exhaust ports, valves controlling the eonnnunieation between Said reservoir and said air inlet ports, a doubleartingr air compressor having its cylinder disposed transversely of the engine, said compressor being operatively connected with the connecting; rod of said power piss too so that two charges of air are supplied i to said reservoir on each cycle of the en-v nine. an air MISSMYB 'hetween said coml C pressor and said reservoir, and a valve controlling the admission of air to and from the eminn-essor, andineans for operating said valve.

12. An internal combustion engine, comprising a power cylinder having scavengingair inlet ports, main exhaust ports and-leakage ports arranged in the Wall thereof, a jacket formed on; the cylinder providing an annular scavenging-air reservoir eommunieating; with said airinlet ports, an annular.

exhaust passage in open communication with said inain exhaust ports and an auxiliary exhaust chamber communicating With said auxiliary exhaust ports, a power piston working in said cylinder controlling said ports, and an compressor operativelv connected 'a'iththe power piston forsnnplyingz scavenging air to said air reservoir.- i

13. as internal combustion engine, comprising a having a crank-shaft mountedther=in, sectional transversely arranged frames extending firoin the hase, a power cylinder mounted on said frames having sea vengzing-air inlet ports and exhaust ports in the wall thereof, a power piston Working in the cylinder controlling said ports and connected to said crankshaft, a rectangular jacket f med on said cylinder providing a ag-air reservoir communicating with said air inlet ports and an exhaust passage in open communication with said exhaust ports. an air compression 'cvlinder mounted on the base transversely thereof,

a compressing piston Working in said eyl an air conduit connecting air-compression cylinderwith said scavengingsair reser voir.

14. Au intera iai combustion engine, comprising a. powercylinder having scavenging-- air inlet ports, main exhaust ports and leakage ports, arranged in the wall thereof, a power piston 'WOTlUElg 1n the cylinder con- .5,

trolling said iniet ports and said main er the d e latter ex- 1th an der b me he ber g conin. all ylfmm g vii S g heat 11 pose c0 mb "1 1n.

avix to motto oer sur means a i ii emal P ads? havin at t I nlunicatin and mean mun :1 W he gases bar, an

n scaven for G" 1 L m i Wall of n sic/n engin arts.

to said rzfange com e is the the ham 3 per din ica

unicat mos internal 00 nder prn'v ii Wall 1) cy iin 10 ".21" 1s 1a. in

har

av Q1112} as .12 combus a 'Quncung L LI nan-i ombus Lin er 11 pom. iston W COIUIX 1 dommun comevin med 0n in U J 5 1n and surmu mnn'mn icatiny' Lhu and

rame and mam Q 19 combnsiian number comm pmts me smu rss let port' combust' prising 21 Age p01 mbus:

g scayport-s 1 51 com hereby 11g Each WBE' Cy scavenging air are $1.: e1 cylmder dur 11g inter cmmrmmicatian 1d said p Asa 021s of :0 an pow gle act nurn saw and 5mm munlcatmg Wk lea? ihereofit' and Wall 3 power 122 engine, a power cylinder having scavenging air inlet ports and exhaust ports in its wall, a. double-acting air compressor operatively connected with a moving part of said engine whereby. two compression strokes of said compressor are obtained on each cycle of the engine, and communication between said compressor and said scavenging air in let ports whereby two pulsations of air from said compressor are introduced into said power cyl nder during each exhaust period. 25. In a single-acting internal combustion engine, a power cylinder'having scavenging air inlet, ports and exhaust ports in its wall; a double-acting air compressor operated b said engine, end-means for conducting botn charges of air from said double-acting comi ieeeee pressor to said power cylinder successively during each exhaust period.

26. in an internal combustion engine, a

power cylinder 'lm'ving exhaust ports and SIMON LAKE.

-l Vitnesses:

JAMES A. PEASE, ROBERT A. Buses;

inlet 

